Background. The causative agent of the coronavirus infection – SARS-CoV-2 – remains active and causes new cases despite the measures taken around the world. In order to timely detect ophthalmopathies in patients with dyslipidemia who have gone through COVID-19-associated pneumonia, prospective observation during the period of convalescence is advisable, justified and relevant. The assessment of the microcirculation of the bulbar conjunctiva is simple, non-invasive, safe, and allows assessing changes in the entire microcirculatory system of the body. Purpose. To study the features of the somatic status, hemodynamics of the bulbar conjunctiva in patients with dyslipidemia who have gone through COVID[1]19-associated pneumonia, depending on gender, homocysteine and cystatin C indicators during symptomatic therapy. Methods. 55 patients (110 eyes) with a documented diagnosis of COVID-19-associated pneumonia with an increased level of homocysteine and cystatin C were prospectively examined 3 months after discharge from the hospital. After consulting with therapist, cardiologist and functional diagnostics doctor, patients were divided into two groups according to gender. Results. In both groups, the dependence of the severity of lung damage on age was noted: Spearman’s correlation coefficient (r) amounted to r = 0.4; p = 0.017 and r = 0.5; p = 0.045, respectively. A direct correlation on the stage of AH was noted in patients of Group 1 (r = 0.4; p = 0.016), however, in patients of Group 2, this dependence was not found to be significant (r = 0.2; p = 0.367). There were no statistically significant changes in lipid profile in patients of both groups. The severity of endotheliosis during the period of convalescence in the study groups was confirmed by the average values of homocysteine and cystatin C compared to the reference values (1.4/1.6 and 1.62/1.67 times higher, respectively). A month of symptomatic metabolic treatment (Rosuvastatin, 1 mg of folic acid three times a day, 1 pill of Combilipen once a day, 1 drop of Chiloparin[1]Komod solution in both eyes 3 times a day) has shown its effectiveness in the course of changes in bulbar conjunctival microcirculation and disturbed total tear secretion in patients of both groups. Conclusion. In patients who went through COVID-19-associated pneumonia, markers of endotheliosis (homocysteine and cystatin C) remain during the period of convalescence, which indicates the severity of endotheliosis and the need for symptomatic metabolic treatment.

Purpose. To study the preferences of ophthalmologists in the implementation of therapeutic and diagnostic measures in children with myopia and habitually excessive tension of accommodation (HETA) as part of a routine clinical practice. Material and methods. The study was conducted based on outpatient ophthalmologists’ offices. The analysis involved 64 medical questionnaires received from 32 doctors from 23 cities of Russia (2 questionnaires of the same type were filled in, each for 20 patients) and information about 1280 clinical cases of myopia or habitually excessive tension of accommodation, documented in the medical records of children aged 5 to 17 years, diagnosed with myopia (863 children, 67.4% of the surveyed) or habitually excessive tension of accommodation (417 children, 32.6%). Data was sourced from medical treatment records and a survey of doctors’ opinions. Results. In the structure of juvenile myopia, the most commonly observed degrees are mild (49.36%) and moderate (37.31%). The recentness of myopia is proportional to its degree. Most often, for treating juvenile myopia and HETA, doctors combine a drug therapy aimed at improving accommodation (96.5%) with functional methods of treatment. Phenylephrine hydrochloride preparations such as Irifrin® and Irifrin® BK (28.44 and 33.13%, respectively), as well as the combined preparation Midrimax® (36.41%) were most often used as drug therapy. To improve accommodation, ophthalmologists of outpatient clinics more often prescribe a one-month course of drug instillations, and 50% of the respondents undergo it twice a year. However, the number of patients who rated the degree of satisfaction and adherence to therapy as high and very high turned out to be higher in cases when such courses were underwent 4 times a year, compared with the group of patients who underwent them 2 times a year. Conclusion. Convenience of use of Irifrin®, Irifrin® BK and Midrimax® drugs, combined with their availability, make it possible to recommend them for a wide clinical use – treatment of patients with myopia and habitually excessive tension of accommodation.

Background. Currently, the health status of the population in the Aral Sea region should be considered with reference to long-term effects of environmental pollution – air, soil and drinking water containing toxic salts. As per results of the analysis of primary eye diseases in the Southern Aral Sea region, it was revealed that the main cause of conjunctivitis were chemical and physical exogenous irritation factors, such as dust, smoke and exposure to salt and sand storms that create a favorable environment for infection and development of secondary Dry Eye Syndrome. Purpose. To optimize treatment of secondary Dry Eye Syndrome (DES) in patients with chronic conjunctivitis in the South Aral Sea region. Materials and Methods. The research included 62 patients (120 eyes) with chronic conjunctivitis, aged 35–62 years, who had been observed in an outpatient clinic for the last 3 years, with signs of DES. All studied patients were divided into 2 groups by random sampling after preliminary adequate antibacterial and anti-inflammatory therapy. The control group (20 patients, 40 eyes) was instilled with Tsinosol antiseptic (composition: zinc sulphate, boric acid, Aseptic) – 2 drops 3 times a day, during 30 days. Patients of the main group (42 patients, 80 eyes) were instilled with Tsinosol antiseptic (2 drops 3 times a day) and Keratrop artificial tear (AT) eye drops (composition: sodium carmellose, glycerin, levocarnitine, erythrol, firma Aseptica) – 2 drops 3 times a day, during a month. All patients underwent standard ophthalmological tests, and special tests were carried out to verify DES, including Schirmer, Norn and Jones tests. Lower lacrimal meniscus height and the severity of the conjunctival fold were also determined. Results. Studies have shown that in the main group, both subjective and objective signs of the disease significantly decreased compared with the baseline and with the respective parameters of the control group, and a significant improvement in the stability of the tear film was noted. Conclusion. To optimize the therapy of secondary DES, it is necessary to include artificial tear eye drops in the treatment regimen in general, and consider using Keratrop eye drops in particular.

This review focuses on the major factors affecting the efficacy of myopia control in patients wearing orthokeratology lenses (OKLs). Orthokeratology lenses have been proven to be effective for myopia control, however further efficacy comparisons between OKLs of standard and custom designs revealed that customization of parameters resulted in an increase of relative peripheral myopia in myopic patients regardless of their initial refractive error. Purpose: to systematize the data of the literature on the effectiveness of orthoceratological correction to control the progression of myopia. Methods. The analysis of publications on the resources PubMed, eLibrary, Cochrane, Cyberleninka is carried out. Results. According to the search results, the main factor saffecting the degree of control of myopia in patients using orthokeratological correction were highlighted. Conclusions. Evaluation of the anatomical and physiological parameters of patients, as well as development of customizable designs of OKLs for myopia control will allow for greater control over myopia progression in its early stages.

The article is designed to explain the various steps needed to be undertaken daily to keep gas permeable (GP) contact  lenses clean, wettable, and free from pathogens that could cause ocular disease. It explains why the steps need to be performed and what the adverse consequences of failing to perform them might be.

Translation of the article: Ruslan Tahaveev (Academy of Medical Optics and Optometry

The article describes the effect of decorative cosmetics on the material of soft contact lenses and studies specific features that can be observed in SCL wearers who use cosmetics extensively. Examples of complications associated with the use of various cosmetic products that may occur in contact lens wearers are given. Conclusion: in cases when patients have complaints about discomfort and dry eyes, doctors should pay attention to the amount of decorative cosmetics used as well as study the effect it can have on the surface of the contact lenses.