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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">glazmag</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">The EYE ГЛАЗ</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The EYE GLAZ</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2222-4408</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2686-8083</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Академия медицинской оптики и оптометрии</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.33791/2222-4408-2026-2-141-148</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">glazmag-819</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Терминология ортокератологии: систематизация понятий, семантика и практическое применение</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Terminology in orthokeratology: conceptual systematization, semantics, and practical application</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4130-4815</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мягков</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Myagkov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мягков Александр Владимирович, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, директор; профессор кафедры офтальмологии</p><p>125438, г. Москва, ул. Дегунинская, д. 7; 119021, г. Москва, ул. Россолимо, 11 А, Б</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander V. Myagkov, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Director; Professor, Department of Ophthalmology</p><p>7 Deguninskaya St., Moscow, 127486; 11 A, B Rossolimo St., Moscow, 119021</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">6425908@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-3320-5669</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хомяков</surname><given-names>С. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khomiakov</surname><given-names>S. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Хомяков Сергей Геннадьевич, доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры офтальмологии</p><p>125438, г. Москва, ул. Дегунинская, д. 7</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergei G. Khomiakov, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Department of Ophthalmology</p><p>7 Deguninskaya St., Moscow, 127486</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">khomiakov.ru@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>АНО «Национальный институт миопии»; ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт глазных болезней имени М.М. Краснова»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Myopia Institute; M.M. Krasnov Research Institute of Eye Diseases</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>АНО «Национальный институт миопии»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Myopia Institute</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>29</day><month>06</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>28</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>141</fpage><lpage>148</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Академия медицинской оптики и оптометрии, 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Академия медицинской оптики и оптометрии</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Академия медицинской оптики и оптометрии</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://www.theeyeglaz.com/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://www.theeyeglaz.com/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.theeyeglaz.com/jour/article/view/819">https://www.theeyeglaz.com/jour/article/view/819</self-uri><abstract><p>Актуальность. Ортокератология– один из наиболее динамично развивающихся методов коррекции аномалий рефракции и контроля прогрессирования миопии в разных странах. Сформировались различные терминологические подходы, нередко существенно отличающиеся между национальными офтальмологическими школами. В условиях активного развития метода именно терминологическая неоднородность становится ощутимой проблемой. Она затрудняет сопоставление данных исследований, проведение метаанализов и внедрение результатов в повседневную практику. Цель: систематизировать терминологию, применяемую в ортокератологии, определить смысловые различия между русскоязычными и международными понятиями, выявить спорные определения и предложить рекомендации по корректному применению терминов в клинической практике и научной коммуникации. Материалы и методы. Проведен целенаправленный поиск публикаций в базах данных PubMed (MEDLINE) и eLIBRARY.RU за период 1962–2025 гг. по ключевым словам: orthokeratology, ortho-k, corneal reshaping, reverse geometry, myopia control, ортокератология, ОК-терапия. В анализ включены консенсусные документы (BCLA CLEAR Orthokeratology 2021, IMI Clinical Management Guidelines, 2019), результаты рандомизированных клинических исследований и систематических обзоров, российские методические рекомендации и нормативные документы. Отобрано 34 рецензируемых источника, которые соответствуют критериям включения. Результаты. Выявлено не менее шести англоязычных (orthokeratology, ortho-k, corneal refractive therapy, vision shaping treatment, accelerated orthokeratology, overnight vision correction) и четырех русскоязычных (ортокератология, ОК-терапия, ночные линзы, корнеорефракционная терапия) синонимов базового понятия. Установлено, что термин «ортокератолог» отсутствует в профессиональных стандартах США, Евросоюза и РФ и представляет собой профессиональный жаргон для обозначения офтальмологов и оптометристов, практикующих ортокератологию. Термины «открытый» и «закрытый» дизайн неb обнаружены в консенсусных англоязычных источниках. Вместо них используются классификации по типу геометрии (торический/сферический) и методу изготовления (серийный/индивидуальный, кастомный). Описаны семантически недостаточно структурированные понятия: фактор Джессена, компрессионный фактор, эффективность контроля миопии. Заключение. Унификация терминологии ортокератологии необходима для корректной интерпретации клинических исследований, прозрачной коммуникации с пациентами и адекватного позиционирования компетенций специалистов. Рекомендуется в РФ в официальных документах использовать термин «врач-офтальмолог специалист по ортокератологии» вместо «ортокератолог», а термин «открытый/закрытый дизайн» заменить описательными характеристиками дизайна линзы.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Background. Orthokeratology is one of the most rapidly developing approaches to refractive error correction and myopia control worldwide. Different terminological traditions have emerged, often varying considerably between national ophthalmological schools. As orthokeratology continues to develop, this terminological heterogeneity has become a significant issue. It complicates the comparison of research findings, the conduct of meta-analyses, and the translation of evidence into routine clinical practice. Purpose: To systematize the terminology used in orthokeratology, clarify semantic differences between Russian-language and international concepts, identify controversial definitions, and propose recommendations for the appropriate use of terms in clinical practice and scientific communication. Materials and methods. A targeted search of PubMed/MEDLINE and eLIBRARY.RU was conducted for publications from 1962 to 2025 using the following search terms: orthokeratology, ortho-k, corneal reshaping, reverse geometry, myopia control, ортокератология, and ОК-терапия. The analysis included consensus documents, including BCLA CLEAR Orthokeratology 2021 and the IMI Clinical Management Guidelines 2019, randomized clinical trials, systematic reviews, Russian clinical guidelines, and regulatory documents. Thirty-four peer-reviewed sources that met the inclusion criteria were selected. Results. At least six English-language terms or near-synonyms for the core concept were identified: orthokeratology, ortho-k, corneal refractive therapy, vision shaping treatment, accelerated orthokeratology, and overnight vision correction. Four Russian-language equivalents were also identified: ортокератология, ОК-терапия, ночные линзы and корнеорефракционная терапия. The term orthokeratologist was found to be absent from professional standards in the United States, the European Union, and the Russian Federation and should therefore be regarded as professional jargon used to refer to ophthalmologists and optometrists who practice orthokeratology. The terms open design and closed design were not found in English-language consensus sources. Instead, lens designs are classified by geometric configuration, such as toric or spherical design, and by manufacturing approach, such as stock or custom-designed lenses. Several concepts were found to be insufficiently structured from a semantic standpoint, including the Jessen factor, compression factor, and myopia control efficacy. Conclusion. Standardization of orthokeratology terminology is necessary for the accurate interpretation of clinical studies, transparent communication with patients, and appropriate delineation of professional competencies. In the Russian Federation, the term ophthalmologist specializing in orthokeratology is recommended for use in official documents instead of orthokeratologist. The terms open design and closed design should be replaced with descriptive characteristics of lens design.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ортокератология</kwd><kwd>терминология</kwd><kwd>ортокератологические линзы</kwd><kwd>ночные линзы</kwd><kwd>кераторефракционная терапия</kwd><kwd>индивидуальные линзы</kwd><kwd>серийные линзы</kwd><kwd>обратная геометрия</kwd><kwd>контроль миопии</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>orthokeratology</kwd><kwd>terminology</kwd><kwd>orthokeratology lenses</kwd><kwd>overnight lenses</kwd><kwd>corneal refractive therapy</kwd><kwd>custom-designed lenses</kwd><kwd>stock lenses</kwd><kwd>reverse geometry</kwd><kwd>myopia control</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">авторы не получали финансирование при проведении исследования и написания статьи.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The authors received no funding for the research or the preparation of this article.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Vincent SJ, Cho P, Chan KY, et al. 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