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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">glazmag</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">The EYE ГЛАЗ</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The EYE GLAZ</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2222-4408</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2686-8083</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Академия медицинской оптики и оптометрии</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.33791/2222-4408-2026-1-24-30</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">glazmag-776</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Раннее выявление зрительных нарушений без участия врачей: подход, реализуемый педагогами</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>No doctors needed: a teacher-led approach to early detection of visual problems</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-4632-8622</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Эль Харрак</surname><given-names>Ч.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>El Harrak</surname><given-names>C.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Чаима Эль Харрак, соискатель степени доктора философии, лаборатория электронных систем, механики и обработки энергетической информации, факультет наук</p><p>г. Кенитра, B.P. 242 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Chaimae El Harrak, PhD candidate, Laboratory of Electronic Systems, Mechanics, and Energy Information Processing, Faculty of Sciences</p><p>B.P 242, Kenitra</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">chaimae.elharrak@uit.ac.ma</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Джаухари</surname><given-names>М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Jaouhari</surname><given-names>M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мустафа Джаухари, соискатель степени доктора философии, лаборатория электронных систем, механики и обработки энергетической информации, факультет наук</p><p>г. Кенитра, B.P. 242 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mustapha Jaouhari, PhD candidate, Laboratory of Electronic Systems, Mechanics, and Energy Information Processing, Faculty of Sciences</p><p>B.P 242, Kenitra</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mustapha.jaouhari1@uit.ac.ma</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хоссаиби</surname><given-names>С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Hossaibi</surname><given-names>S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Саид Хоссаиби, профессор и соискатель степени доктора философии, лаборатории биологии и здоровья, кафедра биологии, факультет наук</p><p>г. Кенитра, B.P. 242</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Said Hossaibi, Professor, PhD candidate, Biology and Health Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences</p><p>B.P 242, Kenitra</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">s.hossaibi@hotmail.fr</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бентаеб</surname><given-names>Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bentayeb</surname><given-names>F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Фарида Бентаеб, сотрудник лаборатории инженерии и материалов (LIMAT), факультет наук Бен М’Сик</p><p>г. Касабланка, Саттат, район Эль-Маариф, ул. Дез Опиталь, д. 22</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Farida Bentayeb, Laboratory of Engineering and Materials (LIMAT), Faculty of Sciences Ben M’Sik</p><p>22 Rue des Hôpitaux, El Maârif, Grand Casablanca-Settat, Casablanca</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">bentayebfr@yahoo.fr</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Эльмерабе</surname><given-names>Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Elmerabet</surname><given-names>Y.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Юсеф Эльмерабе, старший преподаватель, факультет наук, лаборатория электронных систем, механики и обработки энергетической информации</p><p>г. Кенитра, B.P. 242 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Youssef Elmerabet, Senior Lecturer, Laboratory of Electronic Systems, Mechanics, and Energy Information Processing, Faculty of Sciences</p><p>B.P 242, Kenitra</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">youssef.elmerabet@uit.ac.ma</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Университет Ибн Туфайля</institution><country>Марокко</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ibn Tofail University</institution><country>Morocco</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Университет Хасана II в Касабланке</institution><country>Марокко</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Hassan II University of Casablanca</institution><country>Morocco</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day><month>04</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>28</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>24</fpage><lpage>30</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Академия медицинской оптики и оптометрии, 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Академия медицинской оптики и оптометрии</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Академия медицинской оптики и оптометрии</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://www.theeyeglaz.com/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://www.theeyeglaz.com/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.theeyeglaz.com/jour/article/view/776">https://www.theeyeglaz.com/jour/article/view/776</self-uri><abstract><p>Введение. Зрительное здоровье детей представляет собой важную проблему общественного здравоохранения, особенно в странах с низким и средним уровнем дохода, где доступ к специализированной офтальмологической помощи ограничен. В Марокко нехватка специалистов в области охраны зрения создает серьезные трудности для реализации масштабного скрининга зрительных нарушений у детей в школах. Цель: в настоящем исследовании оценивается эффективность недорогого метода скрининга – теста наблюдения за состоянием зрения, проводимого учителями, как альтернативы для раннего выявления зрительных нарушений у младших школьников. Материалы и методы. В исследовании приняли участие 143 ребенка в возрасте от 6 до 12 лет из двух марокканских начальных школ. Учителя проводили оценку зрительных нарушений с помощью структурированного чек-листа поведенческих признаков, включающего десять зрительных симптомов. Каждому ребенку присваивался суммарный балл, на основании которого определяли категорию риска зрительных нарушений и необходимость направления на обследование. Все участники прошли полное клиническое офтальмологическое обследование, проведенное офтальмологом и ортоптистом. Диагностическая точность метода оценивалась по показателям чувствительности, специфичности и прогностической ценности. Результаты. Метод выявил 36 детей из группы риска (зрительные нарушения), из которых у 28 предполагаемый диагноз был подтвержден, что соответствует распространенности 19,6 % в исследуемой популяции. Метод продемонстрировал высокую диагностическую эффективность: чувствительность – 100 %, специфичность – 93,0 %, положительная прогностическая ценность – 77,8 %, отрицательная прогностическая ценность (ОПЦ) – 100 %, общая точность – 94,4 %. Согласованность между результатами скрининга, проведенного учителями, и клиническим диагнозом была высокой (κ = 0,84). Выводы. Данное исследование показывает, что при минимальной подготовке учителя могут выявлять детей с риском зрительных нарушений с помощью простого метода наблюдения без непосредственного участия медицинских работников. Такой подход представляет собой практичное, масштабируемое и экономически эффективное решение для проведения скрининга зрения в школах с ограниченными ресурсами.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Background. Children’s visual health represents a major public health concern, particularly in low- and middle-income countries where access to specialized eye care is limited. In Morocco, the scarcity of eye care professionals poses a significant challenge to implementing large-scale school-based vision screening programs. Objective: this study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a low-cost vision screening method – a teacher-administered observational vision screening test – as an alternative approach for the early detection of visual impairment in primary school children. Materials and methods. The study included 143 children aged 6–12 years from two Moroccan primary schools. Teachers assessed vision-related signs and symptoms using a structured behavioral checklist comprising ten predefined indicators. Each child received a cumulative score, which was used to determine the level of risk for visual impairment and the need for referral. All participants subsequently underwent a comprehensive ophthalmological examination performed by an ophthalmologist and an orthoptist. Diagnostic accuracy was assessed using sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values. Results. The screening method identified 36 children as being at risk for visual impairment, of whom 28 were clinically confirmed, corresponding to a prevalence of 19.6 % in the study population. The method demonstrated high diagnostic performance: sensitivity – 100 %, specificity – 93.0 %, positive predictive value (PPV) – 77.8 %, negative predictive value (NPV) – 100 %, and overall accuracy – 94.4 %. Agreement between teacher-based screening results and clinical diagnosis was high (κ = 0.84). Conclusion. The findings indicate that, with minimal training, teachers can effectively identify children at risk of visual impairment using a simple observational screening method without direct involvement of medical personnel. This approach represents a practical, scalable, and cost-effective strategy for school-based vision screening in resource-limited settings.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>скрининг зрения</kwd><kwd>младшие школьники</kwd><kwd>метод для учителей</kwd><kwd>зрительное здоровье</kwd><kwd>ресурсодефицитные регионы</kwd><kwd>амблиопия</kwd><kwd>рефракционные аномалии</kwd><kwd>общественное здоровье</kwd><kwd>Марокко</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>vision screening</kwd><kwd>primary school children</kwd><kwd>teacher-led screening</kwd><kwd>visual health</kwd><kwd>resource-limited settings</kwd><kwd>amblyopia</kwd><kwd>refractive errors</kwd><kwd>public health</kwd><kwd>Morocco</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">авторы не получали финансирование при проведении исследования и написании статьи.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The authors received no funding for the research or preparation of this article.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">World Health Organization. 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