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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">glazmag</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">The EYE ГЛАЗ</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The EYE GLAZ</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2222-4408</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2686-8083</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Академия медицинской оптики и оптометрии</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.33791/2222-4408-2025-4-336-342</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">glazmag-727</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Современные тенденции управления репаративными процессами после антиглаукоматозных операций (обзор литературы, часть II)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Current trends in the management of reparative processes after glaucoma surgery: A literature review (Part 2)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3484-1225</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Билалов</surname><given-names>Э. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bilalov</surname><given-names>E. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Билалов Эркин Назимович, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой офтальмологии</p><p>100109, г. Ташкент, ул. Фароби, д. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Erkin N. Bilalov, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of the Department of Ophthalmology</p><p>2 Farobi Str., Tashkent, 100109</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dr.ben58@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6252-3622</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бахритдинова</surname><given-names>Ф. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bakhritdinova</surname><given-names>F. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бахритдинова Фазилат Арифовна, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, кафедра офтальмологии</p><p>100109, г. Ташкент, ул. Фароби, д. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Fazilat A. Bakhriddinova, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Department of Ophthalmology</p><p>2 Farobi Str., Tashkent, 100109</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">bakhritdinova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2255-2880</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Билалов</surname><given-names>Б. Э.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bilalov</surname><given-names>B. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Билалов Баходир Эркинович, кандидат медицинских наук, доцент, кафедра офтальмологии</p><p>100109, г. Ташкент, ул. Фароби, д. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Bahodir E. Bilalov, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor, Department of Ophthalmology</p><p>2 Farobi Str., Tashkent, 100109</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tmaglaz@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8705-3740</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Орипов</surname><given-names>О. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Oripov</surname><given-names>O. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Орипов Окилхон Ильёсович, кандидат медицинских наук, старший преподаватель, кафедра офтальмологии</p><p>100109, г. Ташкент, ул. Фароби, д. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Okilkhon I. Oripov, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Department of Ophthalmology</p><p>2 Farobi Str., Tashkent, 100109</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">okil.oripov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Ташкентская медицинская академия</institution><country>Узбекистан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Tashkent Medical Academy</institution><country>Uzbekistan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>14</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>27</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>336</fpage><lpage>342</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Академия медицинской оптики и оптометрии, 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Академия медицинской оптики и оптометрии</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Академия медицинской оптики и оптометрии</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://www.theeyeglaz.com/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://www.theeyeglaz.com/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.theeyeglaz.com/jour/article/view/727">https://www.theeyeglaz.com/jour/article/view/727</self-uri><abstract><p>Фибротические изменения фильтрационной зоны после антиглаукоматозной хирургии остаются ключевым фактором неудач после операции, что стимулирует разработку многоуровневых профилактических стратегий.</p><p>Целью настоящего обзора являются обобщение и критическая оценка современных методов предупреждения и контроля послеоперационного фиброза, включая хирургические подходы, физико-биологические барьеры, нанотехнологические покрытия, а также генные и клеточные технологии.</p><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. В обзор включены 30 научных публикаций за последние 10 лет, отобранных из баз данных PubMed, Scopus и Web of Science. Анализу подверглись работы, посвященные механизмам репарации после хирургии глаукомы, стратегиям профилактики фиброза и перспективным биомедицинским технологиям.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Обзор современных методов оптимизации хирургической техники показывает, что применение регулируемых швов, дренажных устройств Ahmed и Baerveldt, а также микроинвазивных имплантов (iStent, Hydrus, XEN Gel Stent) способствует снижению воспаления, равномерному распределению оттока внутриглазной жидкости и подавлению фибробластной активности. Микроинвазивные технологии демонстрируют хорошие клинические результаты у пациентов с ранними стадиями глаукомы, в то время как дренажные устройства обеспечивают более устойчивое снижение внутриглазного давления у пациентов с высоким риском фиброза. Антиадгезивные мембраны и нанопокрытия на основе титана или серебра эффективно предотвращают адгезию клеток и обладают дополнительными противовоспалительными и антибактериальными свойствами. Генная терапия и мезенхимальные стволовые клетки демонстрируют высокую потенцию в подавлении фиброза на доклиническом уровне, однако требуют дальнейших исследований по безопасности и эффективности. Наиболее близкими к практическому применению являются антипролиферативные гели и импланты с физическими барьерами, обеспечивающие пролонгированную защиту фильтрационной зоны после операции.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Современные технологии профилактики послеоперационного фиброза при хирургии глаукомы демонстрируют различную степень зрелости: от клинически внедренных до находящихся на стадии доклинических исследований. Наиболее обоснованными для применения в практике являются микроинвазивные дренажные устройства, антиадгезивные покрытия и физические барьеры, тогда как клеточные и генные технологии требуют дополнительных доказательств эффективности и безопасности.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Fibrotic remodeling of the filtration area after glaucoma surgery remains a major cause of surgical failure, driving the development of multi-tiered preventive strategies.</p><sec><title>Purpose</title><p>Purpose. To summarize and critically appraise contemporary strategies for modulating the wound-healing response after glaucoma surgery—encompassing surgical approaches, physical and biological barrier technologies, nanostructured surface coatings, and geneand cell-based therapies—to prevent and control postoperative fibrosis.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. This review draws on 30 peer-reviewed articles published within the past decade and indexed in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. The analysis focused on studies addressing reparative mechanisms following glaucoma surgery, fibrosis prevention strategies, and emerging biomedical technologies.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Analysis of modern surgical optimization techniques shows that the use of adjustable sutures, Ahmed and Baerveldt drainage devices, and minimally invasive implants (iStent, Hydrus, XEN Gel Stent) helps reduce inflammation, ensure uniform aqueous humor outflow, and suppress fibroblast activity. Minimally invasive technologies demonstrate favorable clinical outcomes in patients with early-stage glaucoma, whereas drainage devices provide more sustained intraocular pressure reduction in patients at high risk of fibrosis. Anti-adhesive membranes and nanostructured coatings based on titanium or silver effectively prevent cellular adhesion and exhibit additional anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties. Gene therapy and mesenchymal stem cells show high potential in suppressing fibrosis at the preclinical level but require further investigation to confirm safety and efficacy. The most clinically applicable developments include antiproliferative gels and implantable physical barriers that provide long-term protection of the filtration area after surgery.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Modern technologies for preventing postoperative fibrosis in glaucoma surgery represent varying degrees of translational maturity—from clinically implemented methods to those still undergoing preclinical validation. The most evidence-based options for clinical use are minimally invasive drainage devices, anti-adhesive coatings, and physical barriers, whereas geneand cell-based therapies require additional proof of efficacy and safety.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>глаукома</kwd><kwd>антиглаукоматозная хирургия</kwd><kwd>послеоперационный фиброз</kwd><kwd>антиметаболиты</kwd><kwd>ингибиторы факторов роста</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>glaucoma</kwd><kwd>glaucoma surgery</kwd><kwd>post-surgical fibrosis</kwd><kwd>antimetabolites</kwd><kwd>growth factor inhibitors</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Panarelli JF, Moster MR, Garcia-Feijoo J, et al; INN005 Study Group. Ab-Externo MicroShunt versus Trabeculectomy in Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma: Two-Year Results from a Randomized, Multicenter Study. 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