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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">glazmag</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">The EYE ГЛАЗ</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The EYE GLAZ</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2222-4408</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2686-8083</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Академия медицинской оптики и оптометрии</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.33791/2222-4408-2025-3-248-253</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">glazmag-705</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Оптическая когерентная томография при цитомегаловирусном ретините (обзор литературы)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Optical coherence tomography in cytomegalovirus retinitis: A literature review</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6481-8608</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Першин</surname><given-names>Б. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pershin</surname><given-names>B. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Першин Борис Сергеевич, кандидат медицинских наук, врач-офтальмолог</p><p>117218, г. Москва, ул. Новочеремушкинская, д. 17</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Boris S. Pershin, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Ophthalmologist</p><p>17 Novocheremushkinskaya Str., Moscow, 117218</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">bpershin1984@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Клиника микрохирургии глаза «Аймед»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Eye Microsurgery Clinic “Aimed”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>09</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>27</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>248</fpage><lpage>253</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Академия медицинской оптики и оптометрии, 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Академия медицинской оптики и оптометрии</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Академия медицинской оптики и оптометрии</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://www.theeyeglaz.com/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://www.theeyeglaz.com/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.theeyeglaz.com/jour/article/view/705">https://www.theeyeglaz.com/jour/article/view/705</self-uri><abstract><p>Актуальность. Цитомегаловирусный ретинит – это воспалительно-некротическое заболевание, которое способно привести к необратимой слепоте. Основой диагностики данного заболевания является офтальмоскопия. Однако возможности офтальмоскопии ограничены прямой визуализацией изменений сетчатки и сосудистой оболочки, в то время как оптическая когерентная томография (ОКТ) позволяет определить изменения структуры и пространственных взаимоотношений витрео-ретино-хориоидального комплекса, что открывает новые диагностические возможности. Цель исследования: структурировать данные о проявлениях цитомегаловирусного ретинита, определяемых при помощи оптической когерентной томографии. Материалы и методы. Поиск публикаций проводился по следующим базам данных: Pubmed, Google Scholar, Web of Science и Scopus с использованием ключевых слов «Optical coherence tomography», «Cytomegalovirus retinitis», цитомегаловирусный ретинит, оптическая когерентная томография, некроз сетчатки, поражение глаза при иммунодефицитах, ОКТ-ангиография, витреоретинальный интерфейс. Отобраны 30 публикаций об исследованиях клинических особенностей цитомегаловирусного ретинита, а также клинических случаев данного заболевания, в которых была описана оптическая когерентная томография. Результаты. В настоящем обзоре литературы собраны сведения об отличиях между острым и завершившимся воспалительным процессом, об отличиях ретинальной перфузии у этой категории пациентов по данным оптической когерентной томографии с ангиографией, а также ряд гипотез о распространении цитомегаловирусной инфекции внутрь глаза и внутри него. Публикации были структурированы по разным возможностям ОКТ-установок и дизайнам исследований начиная от ретроспективных изучений перенесенных случаев ретинонекроза и заканчивая проспективными изучениями и мониторингом изучаемого заболевания с использованием современных методик ОКТ-ангиографии. Заключение. Оптическая томография позволяет дифференцировать свежие и старые очаги цитомегаловирусного ретинита, а также дает возможность доклинической визуализации проявлений цитомегаловирусной инфекции в глазном яблоке.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Background. Cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis is an inflammatory–necrotic disease that can lead to irreversible blindness. The cornerstone of diagnosis remains ophthalmoscopy. However, ophthalmoscopy is limited to direct visualization of retinal and choroidal changes, whereas optical coherence tomography (OCT) provides insight into structural alterations and spatial relationships within the vitreoretinochoroidal complex, thereby offering new diagnostic opportunities. Purpose: To systematize available data on the manifestations of CMV retinitis as assessed by OCT. Materials and methods. Publications were searched in PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and Scopus using the following keywords: “optical coherence tomography”, and “cytomegalovirus retinitis” (both in English and Russian); “retinal necrosis”, “ocular involvement in immunodeficiency”, “OCT angiography”, and “vitreoretinal interface” (in Russian only). Thirty publications describing the clinical features and case reports of CMV retinitis with OCT findings were selected. Results. This review summarizes distinguishing features between acute and resolved inflammation, differences in retinal perfusion in this patient group based on OCT angiography, and several hypotheses concerning the entry and intraocular dissemination of cytomegalovirus infection. Publications were structured according to OCT capabilities and study design, ranging from retrospective analyses of prior retinonecrosis cases to prospective investigations and disease monitoring using advanced OCT angiography techniques. Conclusion. OCT enables differentiation between active and inactive lesions of CMV retinitis and allows preclinical visualization of CMV-related changes within the eye.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>цитомегаловирусный ретинит</kwd><kwd>оптическая когерентная томография</kwd><kwd>некроз сетчатки</kwd><kwd>поражение глаза при иммунодефицитах</kwd><kwd>ОКТ-ангиография</kwd><kwd>витреоретинальный интерфейс</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>cytomegalovirus retinitis</kwd><kwd>optical coherence tomography</kwd><kwd>retinal necrosis</kwd><kwd>ocular involvement in immunodeficiency</kwd><kwd>OCT angiography</kwd><kwd>vitreoretinal interface</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Iu LP, Fan MC, Lau JK, et al. Long-term Follow-up of Cytome­ galovirus Retinitis in Non-HIV Immunocompromised Patients: Clinical Features and Visual Prognosis. 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