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<article article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">glazmag</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">The EYE ГЛАЗ</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The EYE GLAZ</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2222-4408</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2686-8083</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Академия медицинской оптики и оптометрии</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.33791/2222-4408-2025-1-64-74</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">glazmag-629</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Обзор неинвазивных методов контроля миопии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Non-invasive myopia control methods: a review</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7115-4275</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Аветисов</surname><given-names>С. Э.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Avetisov</surname><given-names>S. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Аветисов Сергей Эдуардович, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, академик РАН, научный руководитель ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт глазных болезней им. М.М. Краснова»; заведующий кафедрой глазных болезней ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова» Минздрава России</p><p>119048, г. Москва, ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2</p><p>119021, г. Москва, ул. Россолимо, д. 11 а, б</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey E. Avetisov, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Scientific Director at the Krasnov Research Institute of Eye Diseases; Head of the Department of Ophthalmology of the Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University</p><p>11 a, b, Rossolimo Str., Moscow, 119021</p><p>8, bldg. 2, Trubetskaya Str., Moscow, 119048</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-1987-5737</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мягков</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Myagkov</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мягков Даниил Александрович, врач-ординатор кафедры офтальмологии</p><p>119021, г. Москва, ул. Россолимо, д. 11 а, б</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Daniil A. Myagkov, Resident Physician at the Department of Ophthalmology</p><p>8, bldg. 2, Trubetskaya Str., Moscow, 119048</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">doc.myagkov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова» Минздрава России; ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт глазных болезней им. М.М. Краснова»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University; Krasnov Research Institute of Eye Diseases<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт глазных болезней им. М.М. Краснова»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Krasnov Research Institute of Eye Diseases<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>31</day><month>03</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>27</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>64</fpage><lpage>74</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Академия медицинской оптики и оптометрии, 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Академия медицинской оптики и оптометрии</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Академия медицинской оптики и оптометрии</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://www.theeyeglaz.com/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://www.theeyeglaz.com/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.theeyeglaz.com/jour/article/view/629">https://www.theeyeglaz.com/jour/article/view/629</self-uri><abstract><p>Актуальность. Миопия является значимой проблемой офтальмологии и общественного здравоохранения. Прогрессирование миопии не только приводит к снижению зрительных функций, ухудшает качество жизни, но и увеличивает риск инвалидизирующих осложнений. В последние годы параллельно с контактными методами, замедляющими избыточный рост глаза, активно развиваются фармакологические, оптические и поведенческие стратегии контроля миопии. Цель исследования: обобщить и систематизировать данные рандомизированных клинических исследований последних пяти лет об эффективности неинвазивных методов контроля миопии для выявления наиболее результативных методик и их сочетаний. Материалы и методы. Поиск источников осуществлялся в базах данных eLibrary, PubMed и Scopus по ключевым словам «Myopia Control» и «прогрессирующая миопия». Всего было найдено 3714 работ, опубликованных в период с 2020 по 2025 г. включительно. Из них 52 полнотекстовые статьи соответствовали критериям включения. В финальный анализ были включены 36 публикаций, в которых приведены и данные динамики рефракционной ошибки, и аксиальной длины. Результаты. Применение различных дизайнов трансфокальных линз показало высокую эффективность в замедлении роста глаза, подтверждая перспективность и клиническую значимость метода. Остаются открытыми вопросы о величине и стабильности результатов при использовании специальных очковых линз в долгосрочной перспективе. Наибольшую эффективность низких доз атропина продемонстрировало его сочетание с коррекцией монофокальными очками. Однако вариабельность результатов, связанная с разными концентрациями атропина, требует дальнейших исследований. Увеличение времени пребывания на свежем воздухе снижает риск прогрессирования миопии у пациентов с премиопией и миопией слабой степени. Сочетание терапии красным светом с очковой коррекцией более действенно, чем только светотерапия. Данные методы демонстрируют многообещающие результаты, однако для подтверждения их эффективности и безопасности необходимы долгосрочные исследования Заключение. Для контроля миопии в детском возрасте необходимо разрабатывать комбинированные стратегии, включающие оптические, фармакологические и поведенческие методы. Несмотря на наличие эффективных неинвазивных методик контроля миопии, остаются открытыми вопросы о механизмах их действия и долгосрочности результатов комбинированных стратегий лечения.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Relevance. Myopia is a significant issue in ophthalmology and public health. Its progression not only leads to a decline in visual function and reduced quality of life but also increases the risk of vision-threatening complications. In recent years, alongside contact lens-based approaches that slow excessive eye growth, pharmacological, optical, and behavioral myopia control strategies have been actively developed. Objective: to summarize and systematize data from randomized clinical trials conducted over the past five years on the efficacy of non-invasive myopia control methods, identifying the most effective approaches and their combinations. Materials and methods. A literature search was conducted in the eLibrary, PubMed, and Scopus databases using the keywords “Myopia Control” and “progressive myopia”. A total of 3,714 studies published between 2020 and 2025 were identified, of which 52 full-text articles met the inclusion criteria. The final analysis included 36 publications that provided data on both refractive error progression and axial length changes. Results. The use of defocus-incorporated multiple segment (DIMS) and other myopia control spectacle lenses has demonstrated high efficacy in slowing axial elongation, confirming the clinical significance and promise of this approach. However, questions remain regarding the magnitude and consistency of their long-term efficacy. Low-dose atropine has shown the greatest effect when combined with single-vision spectacle correction. However, the variability in results due to different atropine concentrations necessitates further research. Increased time spent outdoors has been associated with a reduced risk of myopia progression in individuals with pre-myopia and low myopia. The combination of red-light therapy with spectacle correction has proven more effective than red-light therapy alone. While these methods show promising results, long-term studies are required to confirm their efficacy and safety. Conclusion. Effective myopia control in children requires the development of combined strategies incorporating optical, pharmacological, and behavioral interventions. Despite the availability of effective non-invasive myopia control methods, questions remain regarding their mechanisms of action and the long-term efficacy of combination treatments.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>миопия</kwd><kwd>прогрессирующая миопия</kwd><kwd>контроль миопии</kwd><kwd>атропин</kwd><kwd>периферический миопический дефокус</kwd><kwd>светотерапия</kwd><kwd>время на свежем воздухе</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>myopia</kwd><kwd>progressive myopia</kwd><kwd>myopia control</kwd><kwd>atropine</kwd><kwd>peripheral myopic defocus</kwd><kwd>light therapy</kwd><kwd>outdoor time</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">World Health Organization. World report on vision; 2020.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">World Health Organization. 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