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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">glazmag</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">The EYE ГЛАЗ</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The EYE GLAZ</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2222-4408</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2686-8083</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Академия медицинской оптики и оптометрии</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.33791/2222-4408-2025-1-43-53</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">glazmag-627</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Современные представления о механизмах зрительной памяти (обзор литературы)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Current perspectives on the mechanisms of visual memory: a literature review</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6764-8950</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рычкова</surname><given-names>С. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rychkova</surname><given-names>S. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Рычкова Светлана Игоревна, доктор медицинских наук, врач-офтальмолог, ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории «Зрительные системы» ФГБУН «Институт проблем передачи информации им. А.А. Харкевича» РАН; доцент кафедры глазных болезней Медикобиологического университета инноваций и непрерывного образования ФГБУ «Государственный научный центр Российской Федерации – Федеральный медицинский биофизический центр им. А.И. Бурназяна» ФМБА России</p><p>127051, г. Москва, Большой Каретный пер., д. 19</p><p>123098, г. Москва, ул. Гамалеи, д. 15 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Svetlana I. Rychkova, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Ophthalmologist, Leading Researcher at the “Vision Systems” Laboratory of the Kharkevich Institute for Information Transmission Problems; Associate Professor at the Department of Eye Diseases of the Medico-biological University of Innovation and Continuing Education of Russian State Research Center – Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of Federal Medical Biological Agency</p><p>19, Bolshoy Karetny Lane, Moscow, 127051</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lana.rych@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2265-6671</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Курышева</surname><given-names>Н. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kurysheva</surname><given-names>N. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Курышева Наталия Ивановна, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, врач-офтальмолог, заведующая кафедры глазных болезней</p><p>123098, г. Москва, ул. Гамалеи, д. 15 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalia I. Kurysheva, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Ophthalmologist, Head of the Department of Eye Diseases</p><p>15, Gamalei Str., Moscow, 123098</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">e-natalia@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-1637-4712</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лавер</surname><given-names>А. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Laver</surname><given-names>A. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лавер Александр Богданович, врач-офтальмолог, ординатор кафедры глазных болезней Медикобиологического университета инноваций и непрерывного образования</p><p>123098, г. Москва, ул. Гамалеи, д. 15 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander B. Laver, Ophthalmologist, Resident at the Department of Eye Diseases </p><p>15, Gamalei Str., Moscow, 123098</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">beesetm1z@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-8676-0711</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Толмачева</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tolmacheva</surname><given-names>A. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Толмачева Алина Ивановна, студентка</p><p>117513, г. Москва, ул. Островитянова, д. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alina I. Tolmacheva, Student</p><p>1, Ostrovityanova Str., Moscow, 117513</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tolma4eva.ira@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУН «Институт проблем передачи информации им. А.А. Харкевича» РАН; Медико-биологический университет инноваций и непрерывного образования ФГБУ «Государственный научный центр Российской Федерации – Федеральный медицинский биофизический центр им. А.И. Бурназяна» ФМБА России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kharkevich Institute for Information Transmission Problems; Medico-biological University of Innovation and Continuing Education of Russian State Research Center – Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of Federal Medical Biological Agency</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Медико-биологический университет инноваций и непрерывного образования ФГБУ «Государственный научный центр Российской Федерации – Федеральный медицинский биофизический центр им. А.И. Бурназяна» ФМБА России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Medico-biological University of Innovation and Continuing Education of Russian State Research Center – Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of Federal Medical Biological Agency</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>31</day><month>03</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>27</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>43</fpage><lpage>53</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Академия медицинской оптики и оптометрии, 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Академия медицинской оптики и оптометрии</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Академия медицинской оптики и оптометрии</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://www.theeyeglaz.com/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://www.theeyeglaz.com/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.theeyeglaz.com/jour/article/view/627">https://www.theeyeglaz.com/jour/article/view/627</self-uri><abstract><p>Актуальность. Память находится в центре любой интеллектуальной деятельности человека: ни одна из психических функций не может быть осуществлена без ее участия. Однако механизмы ее работы еще не до конца ясны. Цель – изучение публикаций, посвященных современным представлениям о механизмах зрительной памяти человека для определения перспективных научных направлений в этой области. Материалы и методы. Проведен анализ 58 публикаций за последние 15 лет на таких ресурсах, как Google Scholar, PubMed, eLibrary, Crossref Metadata Search. Результаты. В обзоре приведены различия долговременной и рабочей зрительной памяти по функциональным свойствам, опирающимся на различные нейронные субстраты (механизм рабочей памяти связан с активностью затылочной и теменной коры, а долговременной памяти – с активностью медиальной височной доли и гиппокампа). Модель организации долговременной зрительной памяти традиционно представляет собой пассивное хранение зрительной информации в течение длительного времени. Современная модель организации рабочей зрительной памяти рассматривается как когнитивный механизм извлечения нужной информации из долговременной памяти и использования для решения той или иной функциональной задачи. При этом обе модели предусматривают взаимодействие нейронов гиперколонок, разных слоев зрительной коры и структур мозжечка для оценки цвета, пространственной локализации объектов и других характеристик зрительной информации. Заключение. Несмотря на активные разносторонние и многоплановые исследования последних лет, многие вопросы в области изучения зрительной памяти остаются недостаточно освещенными. Например, одним из перспективных направлений для будущих работ является изучение особенностей функционирования зрительной памяти у пациентов разного возраста с офтальмопатологией, в том числе связанной с поражением центрального отдела зрительного анализатора</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Introduction. Memory is at the core of all intellectual activities; no cognitive function can be performed without its involvement. However, the mechanisms underlying its function remain incompletely understood. Objective: to review publications on current perspectives regarding the mechanisms of human visual memory and identify promising directions for future research in this area. Materials and methods. A literature analysis was conducted based on 58 publications from the last 15 years, sourced from Google Scholar, PubMed, eLibrary, and Crossref Metadata Search. Results. This review highlights the distinctions between longterm and working visual memory based on their functional properties, which rely on different neural substrates. Working memory mechanisms are associated with the activity of the occipital and parietal cortices, while long-term memory is linked to the medial temporal lobe and hippocampus. Traditionally, the organization of long-term visual memory has been modeled as a passive storage system, retaining visual information for extended periods. However, contemporary models of working visual memory describe it as a cognitive mechanism for retrieving necessary information from long-term memory and applying it to functional tasks. Both models emphasize the interaction of hypercolumn neurons, various layers of the visual cortex, and cerebellar structures in evaluating color, spatial localization, and other visual characteristics. Conclusion. Despite extensive and multifaceted research in recent years, many aspects of visual memory remain insufficiently explored. One promising direction for future studies is investigating the functioning of visual memory across different age groups in patients with ophthalmic pathology, including conditions affecting the central visual processing system.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>виды зрительной памяти</kwd><kwd>модели организации зрительной памяти</kwd><kwd>зрительное восприятие</kwd><kwd>объем рабочей памяти</kwd><kwd>нейронные субстраты зрительной памяти</kwd><kwd>когнитивные потоки</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>types of visual memory</kwd><kwd>models of visual memory organization</kwd><kwd>visual perception</kwd><kwd>working memory capacity</kwd><kwd>neural substrates of visual memory</kwd><kwd>cognitive processing streams</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Нурова МА, Мамедова ЛВ. Классификация видов памяти, их характеристика. 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