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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">glazmag</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">The EYE ГЛАЗ</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The EYE GLAZ</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2222-4408</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2686-8083</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Академия медицинской оптики и оптометрии</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.33791/2222-4408-2023-1-24-33</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">glazmag-412</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Диагностика цветового зрения у детей с врожденной частичной атрофией зрительного нерва</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Diagnosis of color vision in children with congenital partial atrophy of the optic nerve</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6764-8950</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рычкова</surname><given-names>С. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rychkova</surname><given-names>S. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Рычкова Светлана Игоревна, кандидат медицинских наук, врач-офтальмолог, ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории «Зрительные системы»; доцент кафедры глазных болезней</p><p>127051, Российская Федерация, г. Москва, Большой Каретный пер., д.19</p><p>123098, Российская Федерация, г. Москва, ул. Гамалеи, д. 15</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Svetlana I. Rychkova, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Ophthalmologist, Lead Researcher of Vision Physiology Laboratory; Department of Eye Diseases</p><p>19, Bolshoy Karetny Lane, Moscow, 127051, Russian Federation</p><p>15, Gamalei Str., Moscow, 123098, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lana.rych@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2708-7217</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лихванцева</surname><given-names>В. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Likhvantseva</surname><given-names>V. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лихванцева Вера Геннадьевна, доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры офтальмологии</p><p>125371, Российская Федерация, г. Москва, Волоколамское ш., д. 91</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vera G. Likhvantseva, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor of the Department of Ophthalmology</p><p>91, Volokolamskoye Highway, Moscow, 125371, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">likhvantseva-4@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3163-2943</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сандимиров</surname><given-names>Р. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sandimirov</surname><given-names>R. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сандимиров Роман Игоревич, студент</p><p>117997, Российская Федерация, г. Москва, ул. Островитянова, д. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Roman I. Sandimirov, Student</p><p>1, Ostrovityanova Str., Moscow, 117997, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sandimirov.roman@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУН «Институт проблем передачи информации им. А.А. Харкевича» РАН; Медико-биологический университет инноваций и непрерывного образования ФГБУ «Государственный научный центр Российской Федерации – Федеральный медицинский биофизический центр им. А.И. Бурназяна» ФМБА России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kharkevich Institute for Information Transmission Problems; Medico-biological University of Innovation and Continuing Education of Russian State Research Center –&#13;
Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of Federal Medical Biological Agency</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Академия постдипломного образования ФБГУ «Федеральный научно-клинический центр специализированных видов медицинской помощи и медицинских технологий Федерального медико‑биологического агентства»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Academy of Postgraduate Education of the Federal Scientific and Clinical Center for Specialized Medical Assistance and Medical Technologies of Federal Medical Biological Agency of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет имени Н.И. Пирогова» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day><month>04</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>25</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>24</fpage><lpage>33</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Академия медицинской оптики и оптометрии, 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Академия медицинской оптики и оптометрии</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Академия медицинской оптики и оптометрии</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://www.theeyeglaz.com/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://www.theeyeglaz.com/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.theeyeglaz.com/jour/article/view/412">https://www.theeyeglaz.com/jour/article/view/412</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. Исследование цветового зрения имеет важное значение в диагностике и мониторинге зрительных функций у детей с частичной атрофией зрительного нерва (ЧАЗН). ЧАЗН является одной из основных причин слепоты и слабовидения в раннем возрасте, поэтому важность исследования цветового зрения при данной патологии не вызывает сомнений. Классические тесты предлагают решить ребенку одновременно две задачи: различить цвет и распознать форму, но интеграция информации о цвете и форме при ЧАЗН может быть затруднена.</p><p>Цель – сравнить эффективность диагностики цветового зрения у детей с врожденной ЧАЗН классическими способами и с помощью разработанных собственных тестов.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. В период 2020–2022 гг. наблюдали 72 ребенка школьного возраста: 37 с врожденной двусторонней ЧАЗН (1-я группа) и 35 с нормальными показателями зрительных функций и без патологии глазного дна (2-я группа, контроль). Цветовое зрение исследовали с помощью собственных тестовых изображений (патент RU 2760085 от 02.04.2021) и классических тестов (полихроматические таблицы Е. Б. Рабкина и Neitz-test).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. В контрольной группе при исследовании цветового зрения по таблицам Рабкина у четырех детей возникли затруднения с определением формы тестовой фигуры в трех из 27 основных таблиц. При этом цвета отдельных кружков, составляющих изображения, обследуемые называли правильно. В Neitz-test только один ребенок не различал форму фигур коричневого и зеленого тона минимальной насыщенности, остальные правильно определяли цветные фигуры на всех тестовых изображениях. Исследование с разработанными тестами в контрольной группе затруднений не вызвало. В группе детей с ЧАЗН при исследовании с классическими тестами 15 (40,5 %) испытывали значительные затруднения с определением формы тестовой фигуры в таблицах Рабкина, при этом правильно называя цвета отдельных кружков, и 12 (32,4 %) – в изображениях Neitz-test. Классическими способами у 18 (48,6 %) детей выявлена нормальная трихромазия и у 4 (10,8 %) – аномальная трихромазия. С разработанными тестами у 6 (16,2 %) выявлены нарушения цветового зрения. При этом у 4 из них аномальная трихромазия подтверждена таблицами Рабкина и Neitz-test.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Разработанные нами тестовые изображения более легки для выполнения в диагностике нарушений цветового зрения у детей с офтальмопатологией и не ставят перед ребенком сложной зрительной задачи опознания хроматической формы. В связи с этим они более эффективны, чем классические тесты, и более перспективны для использования не только в школьном, но и дошкольном возрасте.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background. The study of color vision is of great importance in the diagnosis and monitoring of visual functions in patients with of the partial atrophy of optic nerve (PAON). Due to the fact that PAON is one of the main causes of blindness and low vision in children, there is no doubt about the importance of effective diagnosis of color vision not in children with this pathology.</p></sec><sec><title>Purpose</title><p>Purpose: to evaluate the effectiveness of the diagnosis of color vision in children with congenital partial atrophy of the optic nerve using developed own tests in comparison with classical methods. The Rabkin and Neitz-test tables create conditions under which the examined child is given two tasks at once – color discrimination and shape identification. At the same time, the integration of information about color and shape may be difficult in children with PAON.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. In 2020–2022 years 72 school-age children were observed, who, after a standard ophthalmological examination, were divided into two groups: 1) 37 children with congenital bilateral PAON; 2) 35 children of the control group with no pathology of the fundus and normal indicators of visual functions. To study color vision, we used our own developed test images (Patent RU 2760085 of 02.04.2021), as well as classical tests – polychromatic tables E.B. Rabkin and Neitz-test.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. In the control group, when studying color vision according to Rabkin tables, four children had some difficulties with determining the shape of test figure in three of the 27 main tables. At the same time, the children named the colors of individual circles that make up the images correctly. In the Neitz-test, only one child did not distinguish between the shapes of brown and green tones of minimal saturation. The other children correctly identified the colored shapes in all the test images. The study with the developed tests did not cause any difficulties for any of the children of the control group. With minimal saturation, all children distinguished chromatic images from achromatic ones and correctly distinguished shades. In the group of children with PAON in the study with classical tests, 15 (40.5%) children experienced significant difficulties with determining the shape of the test figure in some Rabkin tables (while correctly naming the colors of individual circles) and 12 (32.4%) children – in Neitz-test images. Normal trichromasia was detected in 18 (48.6%) children and in 4 (10.8%) children – abnormal trichromasia according to both Rabkin’s tables and Neitz-test. With the developed tests, 6 (16.2%) children had color vision disorders. At the same time, abnormal trichromasia was detected in 4 of them according to the Rabkin and Neitz-test tables.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The test images developed by us are easy to perform and do not pose a difficult visual task for the child to identify the chromatic shape. In this regard, they allow for effective diagnosis of color vision in children in normal and ophthalmopathology, and are also promising for use in children not only of school age, but also of younger age.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>частичная атрофия зрительного нерва</kwd><kwd>цветовое зрение</kwd><kwd>методы диагностики цветового зрения</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>partial atrophy of the optic nerve</kwd><kwd>color vision</kwd><kwd>diagnostic methods of color vision</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Федорова С.Н., Белова О.В. Структура и причины врожденных атрофий зрительного нерва в Хабаровском крае. Вестник Оренбургского государственного университета. 2004;S(38):225–227.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fedorova SN, Belova OV. 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